Management - later

If nothing to date has worked it is probably best to discuss the problem with renal doctors.

Further management includes:

• fluid balance
• haemodialysis - which removes toxins and replenishes normal electrolyte levels, and can thus be fine tuned
• haemofiltration - which removes fluid using a high flow membrane. This method can be used to take off lots of fluid off if pumped - using a pump to regulate the rate to about 200ml per minute, plus a clamp on filtrate line to improve backpressure. It is relatively simple to use in comparison to dialysis.

Dialysis is a hypotensive procedure, as is haemofiltration.