Aetiology
The exact aetilogy of fibromyalgia is unknown. The following factors are thought to be responsible:
- altered central pain processing - fibromyalgia patients develop a lower threshold of pain perception in the brain.
- dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
- sleep disturbances -healing of muscle microtrauma may be impaired. Disturbed fourth phase of sleep results in a deficit of GH and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) which are involved in muscle microtrauma repair
- genetic factors
- immune system - fibromyalgia is common in patients affected by autoimmune diseases
- psychiatric aspect - psychiatric conditions are more prevalent in fibromyalgia than among subjects complaining of other rheumatic diseases, depression is more frequently associated with fibromyalgia than with other musculoskeletal diseases (1)
- trigger factors - infections, physical trauma, chemical substances etc may act as trigger factors in fibromyalgia (1)
Reference:
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