Pathogenesis
The direct chemical injury of gaseous inhalation below the larynx is potentiated by the following processes:
- bronchiolar spasm
- bronchorrhoea
- cast formation with air-trapping distally
- emphysematous alveolar injury
- alveolar collapse
- alveolar vessel shunting
- secondary bacterial pneumonia
- pulmonary oedema
- adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
- decreased gas exchange
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