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Clinical features

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

These include:

  • administration of iv fluids
  • patient often elderly
  • shortness of breath - worse on lying flat

On examination:

  • dyspnoea
  • may be cyanosis
  • third heart sound
  • bilateral basal crepitations
  • there may be also signs of right heart failure - for example, raised JVP, peripheral oedema

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