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Aetiology

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

Causes include:

  • pulmonary atelactasis
  • bronchopneumonia
  • pulmonary embolism
  • left ventricular failure - may be a result of myocardial infarction of fluid overload
  • pneumothorax - may occur as a complication of insertion of a central venous line or use of intercostal anaesthetic block - also may occur spontaneously

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