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Virchow's Triad

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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This triad provides a framework for thinking about the development of thrombosis.

Virchow's triad comprises:

  • damage to the venous wall e.g. inflammation, trauma, pelvic surgery, central lines

  • a change in flow e.g. immobility, local pressure, varicose veins, shock, congestive heart failure, venous obstruction, hydration, hypovolaemia

  • blood hypercoagulability

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