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Aetiology

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

  • retinal lesions:
    • central retinal artery or vein occlusion
    • retinitis pigmentosa
    • tobacco / nutritional - end result of tobacco amblyopia

  • optic nerve:
    • chronic glaucoma - most common of all causes
    • ischaemic optic neuropathy
    • secondary to papilloedema or papillitis
    • secondary to optic neuritis or retrobulbar neuritis
    • trauma - severing, avulsion, contusion, surgery
    • familial - Leber's disease, Friedreich's ataxia
    • pressure on optic nerve:
      • tumour - glioma, meningioma
      • Paget's disease
      • aneurysm of the anterior circle of Willis

  • chiasmal compression:
    • pituitary tumour, craniopharyngioma, suprasellar meningioma, aneurysm, stroke

  • optic tract - pituitary adenoma

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