Ventilation of neonates is required in a variety of condition, collectively causing respiratory distress syndrome.
Generally the ventilators used with neonates are pressure regulated. Adult ventilators are volume regulated, but in adult ventilation an endotracheal cuff prevents escape of gas other than through the ventilator. This option is not available in neonates, since endotracheal cuffs have been associated with laryngeal stenosis.
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