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Cardiac wall (development)

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

The layers of the mature cardiac wall have different developmental origins:

  • endocardium:
    • forms from splanchnic mesoderm after induction by ventral endoderm
    • mesoderm forms angioblasts which then go on to form endothelial cells
  • myocardium:
    • during folding of the embryo around day 17, the future endocardium takes surrounding uninduced mesoderm with it
    • the latter mesoderm envelopes the heart tube within the pericardial cavity and is continuous with the dorsal mesocardium
    • it condenses and grows in thickness to form the myocardium
  • epicardium: formed from migration of cells from the sinus venosus of the heart tube superficial to the myocardium

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