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Inspection of the hernia

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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Inguinal hernias are best examined with the patient standing. Coughing may increase the size of the hernia.

Femoral hernias are most easily seen with the patient lying flat or slightly hyperextended at the hips.

Inspection of a hernia helps to determine:

  • the site and shape of the hernia:
    • those appearing above and medial to the pubic tubercle are inguinal hernias
    • those appearing below and lateral to the pubic tubercle are femoral hernias

  • whether the lump extends down into the scrotum
  • if there are any other scrotal swellings
  • if there are any swellings on the 'normal' side
  • whether the lump is associated with a scar from previous surgery or trauma

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