There are a number of theories. In animals ECT alters brain monoamine function in a similar way to antidepressants. In addition, changes are produced in GABA function which some authorities believe are responsible for the therapeutic action.
In various series of selected patients treated for depression an 80% remission rate may be expected.
The relapse rate which may be as high as 30% can be reduced by concurrent tricyclic medication, which is often continued for some time after ECT has stopped to avoid relapse.
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