a type of controlled trial in which each subject acts as his own control, by receiving intervention "A" for one period of time and intervention "B" for another
design is only appropriate for evaluating palliative treatments of chronic stable conditions
bias can result based on the order in which interventions A and B are received and the time interval between receiving the interventions
therefore to reduce these effects:
there should be an adequate washout period between treatments;
the groups should be split into two so that one group receives intervention A first and the other group receives intervention B first
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