This site is intended for healthcare professionals

Go to /sign-in page

You can view 5 more pages before signing in

Aetiology

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

  • the causes of TMJ disorders are not always clear (1) but is likely to be multifactorial (2)
  • these can be divided into initiating factors, predisposing factors and perpetuating factors (3)

  • probable causes of some TMJ disorders include:
    • trauma from a severe blow to the jaw
    • degeneration of the joint
    • osteoarthritis
    • rheumatoid arthritis
    • displacement or dislocation of the disk (4)
    • other forms of inflammation

  • other probable contributing causal factors include (1)
    • dental malocclusion is no longer considered a causal factor - a systematic review concluded that " seems to lack ground to further hypothesise a role for dental occlusion in the pathophysiology of TMD.." (5)
    • emotional stress producing masseter spasm
      • responses to stress
      • anxiety
    • habits that overwork the jaw muscles, such as (1)
      • chewing on a pen
      • chewing gum
      • overenthusiastic kissing
    • poor posture of the head, neck and shoulders (1)
      • e.g. pushing the head forward or slouching while working at a computer
        • this may strain the muscular and skeletal systems that are related to the jaw muscles and joints

  • about 75 % of patients with TMJ disorders have a significant psychological abnormality e.g - anxiety and depression disorders and other emotional disturbances (2).

Reference:

Create an account to add page annotations

Add information to this page that would be handy to have on hand during a consultation, such as a web address or phone number. This information will always be displayed when you visit this page