in solitary erythematous lesions such as erythematous candidiasis (acute and chronic forms)
thermal traumatic lesions
erosive lichen planus and lichenoid reactions
lupus erythematosis
erythema multiforme
pernicious anaemia
epithelial dysplasia
hairy tongue leucoplakia - seen in immunocompromised patients (1)
Reference:
Hellstein JW, Marek CL. Candidiasis: Red and White Manifestations in the Oral Cavity. Head Neck Pathol. 2019 Mar;13(1):25-32. doi: 10.1007/s12105-019-01004-6. Epub 2019 Jan 29.
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