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Grapefruit juice (drug interactions)

Authoring team

Grapefruit and grapefruit juice may alter the absorption and metabolism of many commonly prescribed medications, causing drug-nutrient interactions that may result in potentially serious adverse clinical effects. Some common interactions include:

  • Statins: Atorvastatin, simvastatin, and lovastatin. (Pravastatin and rosuvastatin are generally safe).
  • Calcium channel blockers: Felodipine, nifedipine, and verapamil.
  • Anti-anxiety and psychiatric drugs: Buspirone, diazepam, and carbamazepine.
  • Organ transplant rejection drugs: Cyclosporin and tacrolimus.
  • Antihistamines: Fexofenadine (which can lose effectiveness).

Grapefruit juice inhibits the metabolism of certain drugs by enzymes of subfamily cytochrome P45 (CYP 3A4).

Reference

  1. Grams M et al. An Update of Clinically Significant Grapefruit Juice-Drug Interactions. Nutrition Today, (2026) 61, 1, 10–18

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