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Aetiology

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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Homosexual HIV infected patients are also susceptible to sexually acquired organisms causing the gay bowel syndrome.

Other causes include:

Bacteria:

  • Salmonella acquired from food is the most common bacterial cause of diarrhoea
  • Campylobacter acquired both sexually and from food is the second most common bacterial cause.

Protozoa:

  • Cryptosporidia is the commonest opportunistic cause of diarrhoea in HIV infected patients.
  • Microsporidia and Giardia may also cause diarrhoea

Viruses:

  • cytomegalovirus
  • Adenovirus may also cause viral diarrhoea, though this occurs principally in immunosuppressed children and is relatively rare in HIV-positive patients.

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