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Hermaphroditism

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Hermaphroditism is an extremely rare state in which there are both ovarian and testicular tissues:

  • there may be a testis on one side and an ovary on the other; or
  • ovotestes may be present; these are a histological mixture of ovary and testis

The development of the internal and external genitalia varies over a continuum between the typically male and female:

  • most have a uterus with other ductal structures being more variable
  • the phallus varies from a small penis to a large clitoris
  • a bifid scrotum may appear as enlarged labia

Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, Cotran, R.S., Kumar, V & Robbins, S.L., 1989, 4th edition, W.B. Saunders Company, p.135

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