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Aetiology

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

The most usual cause of encephalitis in the UK is herpes simplex virus. HIV infection is of increasing importance.

Other causes of encephalitis include:

  • measles
  • mumps
  • poliomyelitis
  • varicella
  • subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
  • progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy
  • California bunyavirus
  • Coxsackie virus
  • cytomegalovirus
  • Echo virus
  • herpes zoster
  • Behcet's syndrome

Reference

  1. Miller JM, Binnicker MJ, Campbell S, et al. Guide to utilization of the microbiology laboratory for diagnosis of infectious diseases: 2024 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society for Microbiology (ASM). Clin Infect Dis. 2024 Mar 5:ciae104.

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