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Differential diagnosis

Authoring team

  • in pseudomembranous variants
    • chemical burns
    • traumatic lesions
    • syphilis
    • leukoplakia

  • in solitary erythematous lesions such as erythematous candidiasis (acute and chronic forms)
    • thermal traumatic lesions
    • erosive lichen planus and lichenoid reactions
    • lupus erythematosis
    • erythema multiforme
    • pernicious anaemia
    • epithelial dysplasia

  • hairy tongue leucoplakia - seen in immunocompromised patients (1)

Reference:

  1. Hellstein JW, Marek CL. Candidiasis: Red and White Manifestations in the Oral Cavity. Head Neck Pathol. 2019 Mar;13(1):25-32. doi: 10.1007/s12105-019-01004-6. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

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