Metabolic acidosis (normal anion gap)
Normal anion gap / hyperchloraemic acidosis:
- bicarbonate loss in the gut, e.g. pancreatic fistula, diarrhoea, utero-enterostomy
- renal tubular acidosis:
- proximal - bicarbonate loss
- distal - failure of acidification - proton pump failure
- treatment with excessive carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
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