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Systemic causes of epistaxis

Authoring team

Systemic causes of epistaxis include: (1)

  • medication:
    • warfarin
    • aspirin and other NSAIDS
  • haematological disorders:
    • hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
    • bleeding diatheses
  • hypertension - is controversial (2)
  • leukaemia
  • liver disease (cirrhosis)
  • high alcohol intake is associated with an increased risk of epistaxis, probably due to the effect of alcohol on bleeding time (3)

References

  1. Mulla O, Prowse S, Sanders T, et al; Epistaxis. BMJ. 2012 Feb 23;344
  2. Kikidis D, Tsioufis K, Papanikolaou V, et al; Is epistaxis associated with arterial hypertension? A systematic review of the literature. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2013 Mar 29.
  3. Beck R, Sorge M, Schneider A, et al. Current approaches to epistaxis treatment in primary and secondary care. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2018 Jan 8;115(1-02):12-22.

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