Gastrointestinal manifestations
Gastrointestinal manifestations include:
- pancreatic insufficiency leading to malabsorption and failure to thrive
- gynaecomastia and other signs of chronic liver disease such as hepatosplenomegaly
- liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, hypersplenism - which may develop because of intrahepatic bile duct obstruction caused by abnormal inspissated bile
- distal ileus obstruction syndrome - meconium ileus equivalent
- rectal prolapse (in children) - due to bulky stools
- biliary stricture
- gallstones, cholecystitis
- intussusception
- acute or chronic pancreatitis.
Reference:
- Perbtani Y, Forsmark CE. Update on the diagnosis and management of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. F1000Res. 2019;8
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