Familial ovarian cancer syndromes
Three familial ovarian cancer syndromes are recognised:
- ovarian cancer only
- familial predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer - associated with the BRCA1 locus on chromosome 17q
- Lynch syndrome - familial predisposition to ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, and colonic cancer without polyposis
All show an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance.
One close relative affected - mother, sister - is associated with a threefold increased risk of ovarian cancer, corresponding to a 2.5% risk of death from ovarian cancer by the age of 70 years; for two or more affected close relatives, the lifetime risk may be 30 - 40%.
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