Aetiology
The most common cause is lymph node metastases from primary bronchial carcinoma.
Other causes include:
- lymphadenopathy due to lymphoma
- thymoma
- mediastinal tumour
- retrosternal goitre
- mediastinal fibrosis
- thoracic aortic aneurysm
In children the most important causes are:
- T cell leukaemia
- lymphoma
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