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Tumour stages

Authoring team

The tumour staging characteristics for lung cancer are:

  • TX:
    • malignant cells found in bronchopulmonary secretions but primary is not detectable

  • T0:
    • no evidence of primary tumour

  • T1:
    • diameter < 3 cm
    • no invasion of surrounding structures

  • T2:
    • diameter > 3 cm
    • tumour must be more than 2 cm distal to the carina

  • T3:
    • tumour of any size which is invading surrounding structures but not involving the heart, great vessels, oesophagus or vertebral body
    • a tumour within 2 cm of the carina but not involving the carina

  • T4:
    • tumour of any size which is invading any of the structures excluded from T3
    • presence of a malignant pleural effusion

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