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Aetiology of ischaemic heart disease

Authoring team

The vast majority of ischaemic heart disease is caused by coronary artery atherosclerosis.

Rarer causes of ischaemic heart disease include:

arteritides:

  • systemic lupus erythematosus
  • polyarteritis nodosa
  • syphilis
  • Takayasu's arteritis
  • rheumatoid arthritis
  • ankylosing spondylitis

  • embolism:
    • infective endocarditis
    • left heart thrombus or tumour
    • prosthetic valve thrombus
    • cardiac catheterisation
    • paradoxical embolism

  • coronary artery wall thickening:
    • amyloidosis
    • radiation therapy
    • Hurler's disease
    • pseudoxanthoma elasticum

  • aortic dissection causing coronary dissection

  • coronary spasm

  • congenital arterial disease:
    • anomalous derivation of coronary arteries from the pulmonary artery
    • arteriovenous fistula

Reference

  1. Faxon DP, Fuster V, Libby P, et al. Atherosclerotic vascular disease conference: writing group III: pathophysiology. Circulation. 2004 Jun 1;109(21):2617-25.

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